Classic Inca Trail to Machu Picchu - 4 days / 3 nights-Andean Path Travel

The classic route 4D / 3N which generally starts from KM82 (at 2,600 m). Some trekking companies start from KM88, but this is rare because cars cannot go as far as KM82. If you are traveling by train from Cusco, it is possible to leave from KM88, but the track from this starting point joins the KM82 route very quickly, so there is no significant difference in the experiences of departure. The total distance traveled between KM82 and Machu Picchu is 45 km and reaches a maximum altitude of 4,200 m. It is a moderately difficult trek that can be completed by most people, provided they are in good shape and well acclimatized (more on this below). Note: the map is not to scale and the route,

Inca trail permit

The permits for the Classic Trail route are strictly limited and almost all the dates are sold every year months in advance. This applies to all operators! If you wish to book on the classic pilgrimage route and find exhausted permits for your preferred dates, we recommend that you choose a trek from Lares or Salkantay.

Typical route of the Inca Trail

Below is a typical route for the classic 4D / 3N route. Note: although the classic trek is 4D / 3N, most agencies organize your hotels before and after the trek, which means that most tours are actually 7D / 6N (with a day of acclimatization).

Day 1: Cusco - Ollantaytambo - KM82 - Wayllabamba

The first day consists of an early morning car or bus ride through the sacred valley and a relatively easy hike of around 12 km. Your tour operator will pick you up from your hotel early in the morning (usually between 5 a.m. and 6 a.m.) and take you from Cusco to the Sacred Valley (some companies start their tour in Ollantaytambo). The journey takes approximately 3 hours to reach the starting point, called KM82 (so called, 82 km by train from Cusco). On the way, you will pass by the cities of Chinchero, Urabamba and Ollantaytambo. You can stop for about an hour at Urabamba and Ollantaytambo, where you can have breakfast and last-minute supplies. The KM82 trail first crosses the Rio Vilcanota (often called the Urabamba River) before climbing the Rio Cusichaca to a small local village. From there, the Urubamba mountain range (or the Cordillera Urubamba) will be perfectly visible, with the impressive Mount Veronica (5,860 m) revealing its frozen summit.

Mont Veronica (5680m / 18635ft). Veronica is the highest peak of the Cordillera Urubamba. Its Quechua name is Wakay Willca, which means "sacred tears". This image was taken on the other side of the sacred valley, near the Abra Malaga pass. On the other side of the village, you will see an Inca fort called Huillca Raccay, which was built as a strategic landmark in the Urabamba Valley and was probably used to control the Cusichaca Valley. You will also see, below you and across the river, another impressive site called Inca called Patallaqta. Patallaqta was discovered by Hiram Bingham in 1911, during his trip with Machu Picchu. It is a vast Inca ruin which would have been an agricultural colony used to cultivate and feed the inhabitants of Machu Picchu.

Llactapata, an impressive Inca ruin discovered by Hiram Bingham in 1911

The road continues for 7 to 8 km on a series of progressive undulations to the small village of Wayllabamba, which means "grassy plain" in Quechua and sometimes spelled Wayllapampa (3000 m). You will probably camp here from night, although some trekking companies continue a little further to campsites near Ayapata (3,300 m). Wayllabamba is the point where hikers on the Salkantay / Inca Trail trek join the Inca trail. It is also the last place on the trail where pack animals are allowed.

Day 2: Wayllabamba - Llulluchapampa - Warmiwanusca - Pacamayo

When you get up early, you will have breakfast and prepare for the toughest trekking day on the trail. Day 2 is a trekking distance similar to Day 1 - about 12 km - but involves going up and passing by the Warmiwanusca pass (aka Dead Women's Pass), a crossing of 4,200 m. The start of the trek is simple. After your first hour of trekking, you will reach a bridge that crosses the Huayruro River. There is a campsite here, which has toilets so if you feel the call of nature in the morning, it might be best to wait until you reach this point. It is interesting to note that Huayruro refers to a small tree with red and black seeds, colors that are commonly seen on the ponchos of the bearers of Ollantaytambo. For this reason, the carriers of this region are often called Huayruros. From there, the trail begins to stiffen, crossing a cloudy forest terrain that finally reaches the small village of Llulluchapampa (3,680 m) after around 3 hours of hiking. From there, it will take you another hour and a half to reach the summit of the Warmiwanusca pass (aka Abra de Huarmihuanusca or “Dead Woman's Pass”), located at 4,200 m. The journey can be hot and intense if the sun is there (be sure to wear sunscreen), or cold if it is cloudy / foggy and the wind picks up. Make sure you have layered clothing so you can layer it as much as necessary. crossing a piece of cloud forest which finally reaches the small village of Llulluchapampa (3,680 m) after around 3 hours of hiking. From there, it will take you another hour and a half to reach the summit of the Warmiwanusca pass (aka Abra de Huarmihuañusca or “Dead Woman's Pass”), located at 4,200 m. The journey can be hot and intense if the sun is there (be sure to wear sunscreen), or cold if it is cloudy / foggy and the wind picks up. Make sure you have layered clothing so you can layer it as much as necessary. crossing a piece of cloud forest which finally reaches the small village of Llulluchapampa (3,680 m) after around 3 hours of hiking. From there, it will take you another hour and a half to reach the summit of the Warmiwanusca pass (aka Abra de Huarmihuañusca or “Dead Woman's Pass”), located at 4,200 m. The journey can be hot and intense if the sun is there (be sure to wear sunscreen), or cold if it is cloudy / foggy and the wind picks up. Make sure you have layered clothing so you can layer it as much as necessary. The journey can be hot and intense if the sun is there (be sure to wear sunscreen), or cold if it is cloudy / foggy and the wind picks up. Make sure you have layered clothing so you can layer it as much as necessary. The journey can be hot and intense if the sun is there (be sure to wear sunscreen), or cold if it is cloudy / foggy and the wind picks up. Make sure you have layered clothing so you can layer it as much as necessary.

The view from the Dead Woman's Pass, 4,200 m, on the Inca trail.

After celebrating your successful ascent to the highest point of the Classic Inca trail, you will descend approximately 2 km on a steep path leading to the campsite for the night, located in Pacamayo (3600 m). You will be happy to know that there are toilets at this campsite. Note on Dead Women's Pass: It bears this name, not because a woman died on the pass, but because the slope of the mountain, seen from the descending valley, looks like a woman lying down.

Day 3: Pacamayo - Runkurakay - Sayacmarca - Phuyupatamarc - Winay Wayna

The third day is another difficult day which covers about 15 km and crosses two small passes. The day begins with an hour-long hike to the ruins of Runkuracay, an Inca site that would have served as a watchtower over the Pacamayo Valley. After another hour of walking, you will reach the second pass on the Classic Inca trail called Runkuracay Pass (aka Abra de Runkuracay), located 4,000 m away. From there, the trail consists of beautifully paved Inca trails and stairs. The first staircase downstream from the Runkuracay pass is relatively steep, so watch your foot. An hour after the second pass, you will arrive at Sayacmarca, an Inca ruin with a beautiful stone staircase. Sayacmarca is still not intended to be used, but the name of the site means "City inaccessible", accurately describing the well-protected position of the site at the foot of three steep cliffs. From there, the path passes through an original Inca tunnel before climbing to the third and last pass at 3700 m. On a clear day you will have a fantastic view of Salkantay (6,217 m) to the south and Veronica (5,860 m) to the north. Just after the pass, you will arrive at Phuyupatamarca, one of the most impressive sites of the Incas on the trail (Machu Picchu bar). Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as "The city between the Niebla" (The city above the clouds) because it is located at 3,200 m. Access to the site is via a steep path which passes through 5 original Inca baths which may have been used for spiritual or ritual reasons. the trail passes through an original inca tunnel before climbing to the third and last pass at 3700 m. On a clear day you will have a fantastic view of Salkantay (6,217 m) to the south and Veronica (5,860 m) to the north. Just after the pass, you will arrive at Phuyupatamarca, one of the most impressive sites of the Incas on the trail (Machu Picchu bar). Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as "The city between the Niebla" (The city above the clouds) because it is located at 3,200 m. Access to the site is via a steep path which passes through 5 original Inca baths which may have been used for spiritual or ritual reasons. the trail passes through an original inca tunnel before climbing to the third and last pass at 3700 m. On a clear day you will have a fantastic view of Salkantay (6,217 m) to the south and Veronica (5,860 m) to the north. Just after the pass, you will arrive at Phuyupatamarca, one of the most impressive sites of the Incas on the trail (Machu Picchu bar). Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as "The city between the Niebla" (The city above the clouds) because it is located at 3,200 m. Access to the site is via a steep path which passes through 5 original Inca baths which may have been used for spiritual or ritual reasons. you will have a fantastic view of Salkantay (6,217 m) to the south and Veronica (5,860 m) to the north. Just after the pass, you will arrive at Phuyupatamarca, one of the most impressive sites of the Incas on the trail (Machu Picchu bar). Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as "The city between the Niebla" (The city above the clouds) because it is located at 3,200 m. Access to the site is via a steep path which passes through 5 original Inca baths which may have been used for spiritual or ritual reasons. you will have a fantastic view of Salkantay (6,217 m) to the south and Veronica (5,860 m) to the north. Just after the pass, you will arrive at Phuyupatamarca, one of the most impressive sites of the Incas on the trail (Machu Picchu bar). Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as "The city between the Niebla" (The city above the clouds) because it is located at 3,200 m. Access to the site is via a steep path which passes through 5 original Inca baths which may have been used for spiritual or ritual reasons.

Phuyupatamarca or Puyupatamarca is also known as “The city between the Niebla” (“The city above the clouds”)

Leaving Phuyupatamarca, you will be presented with an original Inca staircase of 1,000 steps. Prepare your knees for a difficult descent. Go slowly and make sure of your foot. After 2-3 hours of trekking through the cloud forest, you will arrive at the Winay Wayna campsite (Quechua name for "Forever Young"). Just south of the campsite are the ruins of Winay Wayna, an area that probably served as a final resting place before reaching Machu Picchu. Before arriving at Machu Picchu, the site contains a number of Inca baths which were probably used as ritual cleansing areas.

Winay Wayna, an Inca site located near the last campsite of the same name, on the Inca Trail

Day 4: Winay Wayna - Inti Punku - Machu Picchu - Aguas Calientes - Ollantaytambo - Cusco

From Winay Wayna, you wake up early (around 04:30 am) to have breakfast and start an hour and a half walk to reach Inti Punku (the door of the sun). For the first part of this trek, you may need to use a headlamp (see the packing list for the Inca trail below), although most operators do not engage it until around 5:30 a.m. when dawn breaks. . The aim of the early departure is to try to capture the sunrise over Machu Picchu, which takes place between 06:30 and 07:00. The trail from Winay Wayna follows a contour curve in the cloud forest before reaching a steep stone staircase, 50 in total, leading to Inti Punku. At the top of the stairs, an unforgettable view will be presented to you when the famous Inca site of Machu Picchu is revealed to you.

The view of Machu Picchu from Inti Punku (the door of the sun)

You can enjoy the first views of Machu Picchu from Inti Punku for around 30 to 40 minutes before descending a gradual path through the citadel. From there, you register with the authorities and store your backpack. Most tour operators organize a full tour of the city for two to three hours before giving you free time to explore the ruins. If you still have energy and are not afraid of heights, we recommend that you reserve your place, before arriving at Machu Picchu, for the ascent of Huayna Picchu (the emblematic mountain behind Machu Picchu ). There are only 400 climbing permits per day and two departure times - 07:00 and 10:00 - so, as with the Inca trail, it is important to book early. You will findhere detailed information on climbing Huayna Picchu or Mount Machu Picchu.

The view of Machu Picchu from Huayna Picchu (aka Wayna Picchu or Wayna Pikchu).

After exploring Machu Picchu for a few hours, you will either need to take a bus or get off at the town of Machu Picchu (also known as Aguas Calientes) in the valley below. The bus journey is generally included in the price of your excursion on the Inca path, but the descent, which takes approx. 2 hours is worth taking into account as it offers a fantastic view of the terraces of Machu Picchu. Most tour operators will have booked a mid-afternoon train trip to go to Ollantaytambo, where they will also have arranged a bus / private car to take you back to Cusco. If you leave Aguas Calientes at 3:00 p.m., you will return to Cusco around 8:00 p.m. Note: You can also do a 5D / 4N Inca Trail itinerary which includes one night in a hotel in Aguas Calientes and an additional day in Machu Picchu. This is ideal for those who wish to spend more time in Machu Picchu (perhaps climb Mount Machu Picchu or Putucusi) and offers the possibility of visiting the hot springs of Aguas Calientes. If you are looking for a shorter trekking experience, the 'Short Inca Trail', presented, by Andean Path Travel.

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PTZ cameras: what they are and how they work

Whoever has a camera to control a closed or open environment or a more complex video surveillance system, knows how useful it is to be able to control these devices remotely to frame specific areas of interest at certain times.

In such cases the ability or not of the camera to rotate in order to better orientate itself on a point or an area may be fundamental.

These three terms indicate the camera movement modes that can pan from right to left (Pan), rotate up and down the vertical axis (Tilt) and zoom in on the points of greatest interest (Zoom).

In addition to these specific movement capabilities, PTZ cameras are particularly interesting because they can be controlled remotely.

If you need to know more accurately the characteristics of this type of device, you can read what is reported in this brief guide.

What is the PTZ CAMERA?

As anticipated, PTZs are cameras that can be controlled remotely and have the characteristic of being able to rotate on the horizontal and vertical axes and zoom in on certain points or areas of interest.

These camcorder models are enjoying ever greater success, especially as they can now be purchased at very affordable prices.

The possibility of using PTZ cameras guarantees complete surveillance in many contexts, both domestic and work, both internal and external.

The best way to use this type of device is to connect it inside a video surveillance circuit in which connection systems are inserted between the cameras.

In this way, the so-called master cameras, that are those that monitor in a general overview, can request a specific control over a specific area by activating the PTZ.

How a PTZ camera works: the different types on the market

To understand  how a PTZ camera works , ie how, when and why it performs the rotation movements on the axes and zoom it is first necessary to evaluate the main characteristics of this type of device and the different models on the market.

You must know, in fact, that not all PTZs are the same: we are not talking about aesthetics, but above all about operating technologies.

First of all, therefore, it is necessary to understand how the commands  for changing the view, the rotation along the right-left axes or the high-low ones are transmitted .

These can be different depending on whether they are manual or centralized and, again, depending on whether an analog or digitalsurveillance camera is used.

In the case of analogue cameras, in fact, the commands for the movements are transmitted via RS485 cable which allows communication with the control console.

If instead you have digital cameras, the information will pass through the network cable, that is the same cable that is used for video transmission.

Another difference must be made between mechanical or motorized models and non-mechanical models .

The former are used above all for the control of closed environments and have a mechanical arm that allows a greater possibility of movement.

These security camerasare controlled and set in motion by an operator who chooses to view at the best a certain point by zooming or rotating the camera itself.

They are usually fixed on the wall by pins and can be zoomed between 10x and 26x depending on the models.

The non-mechanical cameras, on the other hand, although they can rotate on the two axes and zoom, are not equipped with additional moving parts. They therefore have a narrower range of action but are more resistant to wear.

Depending on the models, some cameras can be set in precise positions, on which to focus attention regularly.

In this way, when passing from one control position to another, you will be able to direct the target immediately to a specific point, without having to search for it every time.

Features

Before purchasing a PTZ type camera it is important that you take into consideration a series of specific technical features, which will allow you to understand the quality of the selected model.

First, therefore, pay attention to the resolution. This parameter is not specific to PTZ cameras but should always be taken into account for any camera model you want to buy. A good resolution also ensures perfect image display during shooting zooms.

Furthermore, as far as the zoom is concerned, it is worth remembering that for PTZ cameras, you should not opt ​​for zoom below 10x. The most common models on the market present zoom between 10x and 26x: the choice depends very much on the type of area to be monitored and its amplitude.

Another interesting feature present in some advanced models is that of automatic detection .

When a person or vehicle gets too close to the area you are monitoring, the camera points the lens at the moving person or object following it to the limit of its coverage area.

If you need a security camera systems in Chicagoto be inserted in an automatic surveillance system, this function is essential because it guarantees an accurate monitoring of every movement that occurs around the area to be monitored.

Why choose it?

The reasons why it may be convenient to opt for a PTZ camera rather than a fixed one can be different and depend largely on the area to be monitored and your specific needs.

At the moment it should be emphasized that they represent one of the most convenient ways to fully monitor an area, whether indoors or outdoors, for which the simple fixed camera is not sufficient.

A strength of these models, for example, is that they are thieves proof.

Unlike fixed cameras, PTZs can in fact follow moving subjects, whether the specific function is present, or whether they are controlled by an operator in console.

Therefore, they will always succeed in framing any ill-intentioned people: a PTZ camera, in fact, does not have blind spots.

Moreover, a fundamental factor of which you cannot fail to take note, today PTZ cameras are very convenientfrom an economic point of view: in many cases their cost is comparable to that of fixed models.

The advantages of PTZ camera

Choosing a PTZ camera will allow you to have a number of advantages.

The first is certainly that of a wider coverage , both along the horizontal axis and along the vertical axis, thanks to the possibility of movement of the lens.

This aspect is fundamental if you consider that a PTZ camera is able to cover areas that, in the case of fixed cameras, could never be reached except with the security camera installationof a greater number of devices.

Another important advantage is that of being able to set up the remote control : even if you are not in the area of ​​the console or of the camera itself, in fact, you can intervene on the shooting areas of the camera thanks to specific software to be used via computer or device mobile.

These listed above can be considered the standard aspects, that is typical of the entry-level PTZ camera.

You can easily imagine that more advanced models also have a series of functions that bring greater advantages to the use of the camera itself, from directional lighting to the presence of microphones and speakers and much more.

The disadvantages

Although very attractive and certainly highly technological, PTZ cameras present some small problems  that can invalidate their high convenience.

The first, which however also relates to other types of cameras, is that relating to privacy , especially when this type of device is installed to control outdoor environments.

As for the camera itself, two important elements must be emphasized. First of all, not all models are compatiblewith external positioning.

Therefore, before proceeding with the purchase, you must ensure that the model you have chosen has at least an IP66 certification, ie that it is resistant to heavy rains.

Conversely, you would find yourself installing a device that may not work at the first rain.

Finally, it should be emphasized that PTZ cameras, especially those with a mechanical arm, can be  subject to wear  if their lens is continuously moved from one position to another.

This aspect is particularly true for outdoor cameras, which should be regularly maintained to ensure greater durability.

Conclusions

PTZ cameras can be a perfect choice for video surveillance cameras in Chicago. A series of contexts, both indoors and outdoors. However, before buying one, it is important that you make sure that you have specific needs and, therefore, the type of camera that best fits your needs. In this way you can be sure of a purchase made consciously and, therefore, more convenient.

5 Tips to Better Plan your Growth Start-up

According to the MISE, an innovative start-up must be less than five years old and obviously be focused on high-tech products and services.

The start-up period would therefore seem to be quite long, but the reality is that a successful start-up is the one that manages to leave this label behind as soon as possible.

To all intents and purposes, a start-up ceases to be a start-up not necessarily when it gets break-even or when it is able to issue dividends, but rather when its business model is effective and when it demonstrates that it has reached Financial Services.

Constant growth is the basis for achieving the aforementioned maturity and therefore, beyond the innovation produced, the visibility of the brand or the sales made, it is necessary to plan every single move to ensure medium / long-term sustainability.

Planning for growth means avoiding being an eternal start-up but also growing too fast and exposing yourself to risks of over sizing.

The 5 tips to plan the growth of your start up

These five simple tips are intended to make entrepreneurs reflect and invite them to create a linear growth path:

1. Analyze the productivity of your resources

There is not only the gross operating margin. An important KPI is the productivity of your resources, understood as the revenue divided by the cost. Knowing that revenue per employee is growing steadily is what can give you greater security when you are planning an appointment.

Revenue per square meter is an indicator that can suggest   you expand your stock. Productivity growth is an indicator of the state of health and is not just about commercial capacity.

2. Automate processes and develop your metrics

The consolidation of a company necessarily passes through the organization of processes. Automating them allows you to develop more useful metrics for decision making and to identify and eliminate inefficiencies and bottlenecks.

“The Choice Of Technological Solutions Is Of Fundamental Importance As Is The Ability To Make The Most Of Them.”

Implementing a CRM able to follow the sales cycle and adopt an organic system to enhance your data is functional to the generation of economies of scale. In other words, it is an excellent ingredient for planning your growth!

3. Attract talents in the key roles of your start up

Every manager you enter in the company must know how to plan the growth of his department of competence.

Attracting talents may seem like a foregone advice but many companies, especially during the usa business setup phase, encounter problems precisely because of evaluation errors made during recruitment.

Choose talented employees with a proven track record and make sure they develop the necessary sense of belonging to your company. Monitor their performance and seek involvement by delegating without problems.

When you need to hire a manager in a key role, look for the best according to your budget and bring in people who can compensate for your weaknesses.

To know more:

Worldwide Business Setup

4. Monitor the return on marketing investments

Any company revolves around the ability to get an ROI from their marketing activities, if it is not, there is definitely a problem. Marketing aims to facilitate the marketing of your products.

Whatever the marketing strategy undertaken, a growing ROI is another positive indicator that can allow you to invest more in the product and sales channel. Planning for growth passes inexorably through meticulous planning of marketing operations, you cannot afford to accept that there are no satisfactory investment returns.

5. Listen to the market and retain your customers

Planning for growth also means following market developments carefully, transforming rapidly to seize opportunities and anticipate competition and, above all, acquire customers without losing strategic ones.

Listening to the market means adapting to the inevitable dynamics, seeking continuous feedback to implement your strategy. It means having a long-term vision and predicting the scenarios in which it will find itself.

It is impossible to plan growth without visualizing it and without having a clear vision of the future.

From this point of view it is important to assess the risk of your customer portfolio. Having the right balance between new business and renewals and working on a "pipeline" in an analytical way is of fundamental importance. A company that grows but whose business depends 80% on three customers can in fact see its growth compromised if it loses a single customer.

In Other Words, Planning For Growth Always Means Having A Plan B!

Are you an aspiring start upper? Then find out how and why it is necessary to evaluate the size of the reference market.

SEO Interview Questions and Answers 2020

1- Tell me something about yourself?
Seo Job Interview Questions and How to answer them
Seo Job Interview

You should brief your interviewer about your family, your educational background and your work experience.

2- What was the recent update which Google had and what changes would you suggest for it?

Google recently had the Hummingbird update which was a change in the core search algorithm. Google moved from keyword based searching to concept based searching. It included semantic level analysis in order to find out real answers and searcher's intent behind the user query. I would add comprehensive and fresh content to my site after the Hummingbird update.

Prior to the Hummingbird update, Google had the Penguin update which was a measure to control web spam. Penguin update had penalized websites which had a spammy backlinking profile and returned more semantic results. Semantic results were based on the relationship between words present on the search query. Penguin trusted sites that had original and good content, fresh content, good social media presence and quality organic links.

3- What all verticals have you handled in your SEO career so far?

Verticals means on what themes of websites have you worked so far- this may include education, real estate, IT, travel, Shopping, jobs etc.

4- What do you know about Google Panda update?

The Panda update was done to improve the quality of search results in Google. Panda update also known as the farmer update was done to eliminate content farms which provided less user friendly experience. It used machine language scalability as one of the important metrics for judging relevancy of a web page. All the focus was transformed on the user and now quality content , proper design, proper speed, proper use of images and videos, content to ad ratio all mattered more after the Panda update. You need to optimize your site for better clickthrough rate and a less bounce rate.

5- What is Google Sandbox in SEO?
Google Sandbox is an imaginary area where new and less authoritative sites are kept for a specified time period until they establish themselves of being displayed on the search results. It happens by building too many links within a short period of time.

6- What is the difference between on page seo and off page seo?

On page seo means optimizing your website and making changes on title, meta tags, site structure, site content, solving canonicalization problem, managing robots.txt etc.

Off page optimization means optimizing your web presence which involves backlink building and social media promotion.

7- How will you solve canonicalization issue or what is .htacess file?
.htacess file is used to solve the canonicalization issue of a website. It may happen that the home page of the site may take several urls like http://www.example.com or http://www.example.com/index.html or http://example.com . The search engines might treat these url as different and may divide the link juice gained by having various backlinks made with any of these 3 urls. The link juice gets divided between these three urls equally. .htacess file is created to have a single url of the home page so that the link juice is passed onto single url.

8- What is keyword stemming in SEO?

Keyword stemming is the process of finding out the root word from the search query. A query having the word “ playful” would be broken down to the word “play” with the help of stemming algorithm. The search results returned would be having the word ” play” in it.

9- What is LSI?

LSI stands for Latent Semantic Indexing. It is a data retrieval technique which finds connection between words and the use of synonyms while fetching data from the index.

10- What do you know about the Florida update?

Florida update happened on November 16th 2003. This update applied stemming, maintained local rank, penalized over optimized sites by applying filter etc. In short, it modified the search results before presenting it to the user by applying filters.

11- What are the limitations of title and description tags?

Title tag can be between 66-70 characters and meta description tag can be between 160-170 characters.

12- Does Google uses keyword tags?

No, Google does not make use of keyword tags.

13- What is 301 redirect?

It is a method of redirecting user from the old page url to the new page url. 301 redirect is a permanent redirect and is helpful in passing the link juice from the old url to the new url.

14- What was your exact job profile in your previous company?

Provide a suitable explanation about your job profile which would include your job responsibilities and the amount of work you have handled so far.

15- What do you understand by Cloaking?

Cloaking involves using deceptive techniques which presents the user with a different version of the webpage than that presented to the search engines.

16- What tools do you use for doing seo?

I use Google webmaster tools, Google Analytics, Open site explorer, Alexa, Ahrefs,Website grader etc.

See:- List of free seo tools

17- What are your good qualities?
You will have to answer here about your good qualities like- I am hardworking, sincere, punctual, love to accept challenges etc.

18- What is the difference between Seo and Sem?

Seo stands for Search Engine Optimization while Sem stands for Search Engine Marketing. Seo provides organic traffic to a website with the help of search engines while Sem involves the use of Google adwords and other paid channels of advertising.

19- What is PPC?

PPC stands for Pay Per Click. It is a form of advertising methodology in which the advertiser pays for every click on their ads. Google uses this form of advertising in its channel of advertising called Adwords.

20- Which is better Robots.txt or Meta Robots Tag?

Meta Robots tag is much better as it helps in forcing the search engine crawlers not to index and display the hidden pages in your server.

21- Do you use separate Seo strategies for Google,Yahoo and Bing?

Yes I use separate strategies for Google,Yahoo and other search engines.More backlinks are required for Google .It pays more attention to backlinks and site authority while Yahoo and Bing pays more attention to title and Meta tags. Hence, a site takes time to rank on Google as compared to Yahoo and Bing.

22- How will you increase the Pagerank of a page?

By building more backlinks from authority sites and high page rank webpages.

23- How will you check the number of backlinks of your competitors site?

With the help of the link operator on Google and by using various external tools like Alexa, Backlink Watch , Open Site Explorer, Backlink finder etc.

24- Which is more important- Building backlinks to a website or building great content?

Both are important. Building great content is necessary as it is your first step towards ranking ;and building backlinks helps to build authority to your website and is an important metric for ranking well. Hence both should go parallel and both are equally important.

25- Who is Matt Cutts?
Matt Cutts is the head of Google's web spam team.

26- If a website has a search engine saturation of 40% , what does that mean?

It means 40% of web pages from that particular website are indexed by the search engine.

27- What do you mean by anchor text?

Clickable text written on an hyperlink is known as anchor text. It is of great value to the search engines and is used for evaluating the relevance of web pages with respect to search queries.

28- How will you treat Web standards while optimizing a website?

Google loves web standards hence I will apply the web standards provided by W3C while optimizing a web site.

29- What methods would you apply for decreasing the loading time of a website?

I would use external style sheets, less images (unless necessary), optimize the images and decrease the file sizes of the image without reducing the quality of the image, use CSS sprites to reduce HTTP requests etc.

30- Which tools do you use for choosing keywords?

I use Google Keyword tool, Wordtracker tool, Wordstream, Seo book keyword tool etc.

*Remember certain tools are paid but you may use the trial version for some days.

31- What blogs and sites do you regularly visit to update yourself?
I follow Matt Cutts blog. Seomoz blog, Seochat forums, Searchengineland.com,Seo book, Seosandwitch, Seroundtable, Seobythesea, seochat etc.

32- What are doorway pages?

These are pages that are specially created to rank high on search engines using deceptive techniques.Doorway pages do not provide useful content but instead redirect users to the main page.

33- What are the Social Media channels you have used for marketing?

I have used blogs like blogger,wordpress,typepad, tumblr etc, social bookmarking sites like Reddit, Stumbleupon, Delicious etc., social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin etc., Video Sharing sites like Youtube,Vimeo etc.

34- What would you suggest to the client who has a website made on Flash? How would you do Seo for that site?

Search engines find it harder to parse the contents presented using Flash. I would suggest the client to use an alternative to flash like HTML 5.

35- What do you understand by Frames in HTML?

A frame is a HTML technique which divides the content of a page onto several parts. Search engines see Frames as completely different pages and as such Frames have a negative impact on Seo. We should avoid the usage of Frames and use basic HTML instead.

36- Which is the popular search engine in Russia?

Yandex is popular in Russia.

37- If the meta robots tag has a value of "no index, no follow" what does it mean?

It means the search engine crawlers would not index the contents and would not follow the links present on the page.

38- Who is Rand Fishkin?

Rand Fishkin is the CEO and Co founder of Seomoz, the most popular seo software in the world. He started the informative "White Board Friday" series for explaining the concepts related to Seo and search engines.

39- How will you restrict the search engine crawlers from indexing a folder named "Secret" that is present in the root?
The following code when added on the robots.txt text file would restrict the crawlers from accessing the folder

User-agent:*
Disallow: /Secret/

40 - What do you understand by Google Dance?

Google Dance happens when major updates happen on the database maintained by Google. Constant shuffling leads to unstable rankings of the Web Pages.This continues for some days and is known as Google dance. It was witnessed in the past before the real time searching happened. Now, Google updates its index almost everyday and changes are witnessed narrowly.

41- Which are the top 3 social media websites that you will suggest to your client for SMO work?

I would suggest Facebook, Twitter and Google Plus.

42- How does Google Plus helps in Seo?

Google Plus helps the promoted web pages to get plus ones which are considered as genuine votes by Google. More plus ones helps to enhance our search engine rankings. Moreover,it helps to get high rankings in personalized search results where our friends can see the web pages shared and promoted by us.

Read more here:- Using Google Plus for Seo

43- What is a Pizza Box in terms of Google?
Google server comes in a standard case which is commonly known as "Pizza Box".

44- How important is to have a keyword in a domain name?

After the recent EMD update, the weightage on the presence of keyword on a domain has reduced. It is therefore important to go for a domain name that can focus on building a brand rather than using only keywords which could make a domain look spammy. Although having keywords in the domain helps but it would work only if the combination comes out as brandable. Some popular examples of website which succeded without having keywords in it are flipkart.com, myntra.com, ebay.com, digg.com, reddit.com and ofcoz google.com etc. But, there are some themes where the presence of keywords becomes necessary like the presence of the keyword "recipes" in allrecipes.com or the presence of the word "food" in the domain foodnetwork.com . Hence, its important to take decisions based on the theme you need to target.

45- What do you understand by "Engagement Metrics" with relation to social media?

Engagement metrics comprises of information which is used to measure the importance of user (customer) engagement with respect to a particular social data.Some example includes likes, retweets, plus ones, clicks, favorites, repins, comments etc.

46- What are your favorite ways of attracting natural backlinks to your site?
Having user friendly content on the site is the best way to attract natural backlinks but one of my favorite ways of attracting natural backlinks is by offering free widgets and free infographics to my audience.

47- Have you heard about ASO?
ASO stands for App Store Optimization which is a process of improving the visibility of mobile apps on app stores like iTunes and Google Play.

48- How can you search with the exact keywords you type on Google without using quotes?

We can use the Verbatim tool in order to search with the exact keywords entered on Google.

49- What do you understand by Google Authorship and how can you use it for Seo benefits?

Google Authorship allows you to link your Google Plus Profile to the content you create. This is a way to enhance the overall user experience and stop spamming. Results containing content from original and reputed authors are valued highly by Google and chances of spamming are also reduced. Hence, implementing Google Authorship is really useful for Seo as it helps a webpage to rank higher based on the author rank.

Read more:- How to Make Full Use of Google Authorship Profile

50- How can you make a website mobile friendly?

I will create a mobile friendly version of the website for Googlebot-Mobile, use meta.txt for specifying special instructions to mobile search engine crawlers, use mobile.xml sitemap and will have mobile optimized content on the site.

Read more:- Mobile Seo

51- What is the difference between clicks and visits in Google Analytics?
Clicks indicates the number of times any user clicks on an ad while visits indicates the number of unique sessions each visits create.

Read more:- Difference between clicks and visits

52- How can you track Facebook likes using Google Analytics?

We can do this with the help of social interaction web tracking. I will add a custom script using FB.Event.subscribe function to start tracking clicks. ( Learn how to track Facebook likes )

53- How will you plan an Seo strategy for a website already affected by Penguin update?

Penguin update deals with scanning through the link profile of a website. I will scan the links pointing to the site using tools like ahrefs and prepare a list of low quality links. I will make every effort to get those links removed like emailing the webmaster. If somehow, I am unable to remove some links then I will use the disavow links tool to devalue the remaining links from harming the site. Apart from this, I will plan a link bait strategy to get some high authority links in order to increase the reputation of the site. This will surely help a site to recover from the effects of the Penguin update.

54- What is the difference between HTML sitemaps and XML sitemaps?

HTML sitemaps are created for the user and contains a basic structure for displaying all the pages of the website in a hierarchy. XML sitemaps are created for the search engines and helps a search engine bot to easily cache, index and discover new pages.

55- How many keywords do you think are enough to target on a web page?

There are virtually no limits on the number of keywords that we can target on a web page. Best approach is to focus on our main keyword and all the secondary keywords would find way for itself in the search engines. The old method of targeting 3 keywords per web page does not works any more. You can have 10-15 keywords or even more to target on a single web page.

56- What is the difference between soft 404 and 404 errors? How will you find and remove these errors?

A 404 error is returned when the browser requests a resource from the web server and the server is unable to find that resource so it returns 404 file not found error. On the other hand, soft 404 error is returned when the browser requests a resource from the web server and the server returns 200 OK response for a file that does not exist on the server. Hence, in both the cases, file is not present on the server but in case of soft 404 the server returns 200 OK response code by mistake. We can find out these errors with the help of Google Webmasters Tool and we can either remove them by adding proper redirects and by creating a custom 404 page for helping the user in proper navigation while browsing the site.

57- Is there a limit to robots.txt file?

Yes, googlebot reads the first 500 KB present in the robots.txt file.

Source By: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/seo-interview-questions-answers-2016-digital-marketing-specialist

Effective web marketing: how long does it take to get results?

Just in these days I happened to reflect on a topic always delicate: the time needed to get results online. An effective web marketing strategy also defines boundaries and boundaries.

 

The customer asks for a service, you accept and the contract finds its balance. Here, however, an essential theme is rattled off to find the approval of the protagonists: the duration of the intervention . Often the work is maintenance: to carry out a standard activity without strategic objectives.

I take as an example who takes care of the maintenance of websites. Other jobs, however, must aim towards complex goals. And not too general, focused on the outcome. Take the blog as an example : clear, it must be aimed at earning money. It must help sell and invoice. But through which goals?

All beautiful, but how long does it take?

Here we define the strategic work of a professional blogger, one of those that is not limited to writing articles. You have to understand and identify the target, you have to identify concrete strategies and write SEO key content copywriting . But once these points have been clarified, the aforementioned question arises : how long does it take? And again, the doubt becomes more and more specific: how much do I have to wait for my answers on the web? I do not know, this is the right answer.

Or better, I can make predictions. I can say that, with a continuous rhythm and the right flow of resources, a blog that I follow from a strategic perspective, has reached the steps estimated in a year. Despite being in a very competitive sector. These successes concern the positioning of web pages for informational keywords, the involvement of the public in a community, the diffusion of the brand.

The importance of the overall vision

And the sales target? When can you increase your sales with the blog? To get results in such a specific context you have to involve different figures. I have brought people potentially interested in your product or service on the blog, an effective web marketing strategy needs other pieces.

Evaluate the case of the blog. I worked on the editorial calendar. But the SEO optimization who has cured it? Does anyone take care of social media marketing? And of the various nuances related to advertising? Still, is the work of email marketing to feed the leads taken into consideration?

All this to get to an even more important point: the product or service you want to promote is worthy of attention? Is it the right price? Is it qualitatively superior? People often want miracles from the web marketing campaign, which can be well studied. The question "how long does it take" is not the right one: the whole strategy of this world will not replace the importance of a holistic strategy.

A strategy that starts from a good reflection on competition. There are several tools for the analysis of online competitors, and this is the necessary confirmation to plan the web marketing activities. With its times. Knowing, for example, which investment in terms of CPC is located around a keyword can be the right step to get a first idea about the months needed to tackle a topic.

It calculates that these tools allow calculating also the index of difficulty related to a keyword, which for Semrush means to evaluate: "The difficulty of having a good ranking among the results of the organic search for a given keyword. The higher the percentage, the greater the difficulty in obtaining a high ranking for a given keyword ".

The time needed to get results

To ask how long it takes is sacrosanct. Everything wants this information. But the advice I can give to the players behind an effective web marketing strategy are simple. The freelancer who works in this sector can give a trivial and useful indication: do not fool yourself .

You often work on optimistic information to bring the contact home. And have a new way to monetize your business. The client presses and bends you to his will. But with the passing of the weeks you realize that the situation is more complex, and that in the requested period you can not satisfy the requests. But that has received reassurance and confirmation. These situations can become annoying.

But the fault is yours alone. Because you have given probable times for certain. So the advice to web professionals is always the same: use maximum clarity and do not improvise certainties. On the other hand, I suggest another point to the client: listen to the professional's words . If you have decided to trust a name, you must trust. It takes 6 months to get certain results? Well, this is his experience. The same is true if you pronounce it with less clear words: the first points could show up after a year.

But nobody has the certainty. What does this mean? Maybe this person is not capable enough? Not able to provide the right contribution? Perhaps you could reduce the time with a larger team , but also more expensive in economic terms. Although some processes have limits that cannot be forced.

Like, for example, work on incoming links. So I tell this to the buyer: choose a professional, entrust yourself and do not expect miracles. In most cases they are defeats.

Effective web marketing: your opinion

These are the steps necessary to have an honest relationship with your client. The times necessary to obtain positive results are variable, from contextualizing project by project. There is no single vision or a recipe valid for everyone. Defining a priori temporal resources for certain web marketing activities is difficult.